TELEC / GITEKI: radio certification in Japan

Hugues Orgitello updated 7 Oct 2026 19 min read

"Giteki" (技適) is the everyday short form of 技術基準適合, technical regulations conformity, and the Giteki mark is what lets a small radio device operate lawfully in Japan. The rules sit in the Radio Act (電波法, Act No. 131 of 1950), its ordinances, and the notices of MIC (Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications). MIC does not certify products itself: it registers certification bodies (RCBs) in Japan, TELEC being number 001, and, under mutual recognition agreements, foreign bodies in the EU, the United States and the United Kingdom. This page reads the current Japanese texts directly: who may certify, the three conformity routes, what the mark and its number must look like, the e-label conditions, and the 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz and 920 MHz limits that most often catch FCC or RED designs.

Legal framework: what the Radio Act actually says

The Radio Act starts from a licensing rule: anyone who opens a radio station needs a licence from the Minister (Article 4). The exemptions that make consumer radio possible are in Article 4 itself: very weak emitters, and low-power stations of the types set by ordinance that use only conformity-marked radio equipment (適合表示無線設備). That is why the mark matters: a Wi-Fi or Bluetooth device without it is, legally, an unlicensed station.

The categories that can be certified are called specified radio equipment (特定無線設備). The term is defined in Article 38-2-2(1), which also splits the work of certification bodies into three business categories: equipment for licence-free stations, equipment for "specified radio stations" such as cellular terminals, and everything else (amateur radio, for example). The list itself is in Article 2 of the certification ordinance (MPT Ordinance No. 37 of 1981).

The articles that matter, in one table

Article	What it does
Radio Act Art. 4	Licence requirement; exemptions for very weak and low-power stations that use conformity-marked equipment only
Art. 4-2	Exceptions: visitors' own equipment for up to 90 days from entry; experiments notified to MIC for up to 180 days (equipment must meet standards MIC designates as equivalent)
Art. 38-2-2	Defines specified radio equipment; registration of certification bodies by business category
Art. 38-6	Technical regulations conformity certification (per unit)
Art. 38-7	Mark affixed by the RCB; a host product may repeat the mark of a certified built-in module; marks must be removed after modification
Art. 38-22	Order to prevent interference (this is not the definition of specified radio equipment)
Art. 38-24 to 38-26	Construction type certification, the holder's duty to match the design and keep inspection records, the mark the holder may affix
Art. 38-30	Rules for foreign holders ("foreign handling businesses"), including a mark prohibition of up to two years
Art. 38-31	Approved certification bodies abroad
Art. 38-33 to 38-35	Self-confirmation of technical regulations conformity for special specified radio equipment, and its mark
Art. 110	Opening a station without a licence: up to one year of imprisonment or a fine of up to 1,000,000 yen

Source: Radio Act, current text on e-Gov. The MIC English translation is tentative, and the Japanese text prevails.

See glossary for key terms and their regulatory equivalents.

Who certifies: RCBs and MRA bodies

MIC lists the bodies on its Radio Use Portal. Each one has a three-digit number, and that number becomes the first three characters of every certification number it issues (Form No. 7 of the certification ordinance).

Number	Body (MIC list, October 2026)	Scope on the MIC list
001	TELEC	All specified radio equipment
002	JARD	"Others" category only (amateur radio and similar)
003	DSP Research	All
005	TÜV Rheinland Japan	All
006	SGS Japan	All
007	UL Japan	All
008	COSMOS Corporation	All
011	TÜV SÜD Japan	All
012	Intertek Japan	All
013	JQA	All
016	Japan Radio Law Certification Laboratory	Limited categories
017	JET	All
018	Certificate Technical Support Center	All
020	TAC	All
021	JATE	All
022	Bureau Veritas Japan	All
023	DEKRA Certification Japan	All

Two points from that list correct common assumptions. TELEC is one RCB among several, all certifying against the same technical regulations. And JATE is itself a Radio Act RCB (number 021), not only the terminal-equipment body: JATE states that it certifies all specified radio equipment, including equipment that is not a telecommunications terminal.

Mutual recognition: certification issued abroad

Japan applies MRAs for radio and telecommunications terminal equipment through the Act for Mutual Recognition (Act No. 111 of 2001). According to MIC, specified radio equipment certified against the Radio Act technical regulations by a registered foreign conformity assessment body, and marked as the ordinance requires, is treated as certified (Article 33 of that Act).

Agreement	In force (MIC)
Japan-EC MRA	January 2002
Japan-Singapore EPA (with MRA)	November 2002
Japan-US MRA	January 2008
UK-Japan MRA (protocol to the CEPA)	October 2023

The registered foreign bodies have IDs from 201 upward. The MIC list includes Kiwa Nederland (201), cetecom advanced (202), TÜV SÜD BABT (203), NMi TESTLAB (204), Element Warwick (205), BV LCIE (207), ACB (209), MiCOM Labs (210), BACL (211), Eurofins E&E NA (214), Vista Laboratories (216), IIA Lab Services (217), Nemko North America (218), KL-Certification (219), LGAI Applus (220), SGS North America (221) and HCT America (223). Several hold only one or two business categories. MIC notes that DERYCOM (222) suspended operations on May 27, 2026. Check the list before you sign a quote, because a suspended body can no longer certify.

The MRA does not change the technical regulations. It changes who may certify against them: an EU or US body on the list issues a Japanese certificate against Japanese limits. It is not a route for using an FCC grant or a CE declaration as such.

Three conformity routes, not two

Route 1: technical regulations conformity certification (技術基準適合証明, Article 38-6)

The RCB examines and certifies individual units. According to the MIC manual, each certified unit carries its own number, and no two units share it. The RCB affixes the mark itself (Article 38-7(1)). The route is open to anyone, including importers of a small batch.

Route 2: construction type certification (工事設計認証, Article 38-24)

The RCB certifies a construction design, including the method of confirming that each unit conforms to it. It issues the certificate only if the design meets the technical regulations and every unit built to it can be ensured to match (Article 38-24(2)). After certification, the holder (認証取扱業者):

• must make every unit match the certified design (Article 38-25(1));
• must inspect units according to the certified confirmation method and keep inspection records (Article 38-25(2)), for ten years according to the MIC manual;
• may then affix the mark itself (Article 38-26).

MIC states that construction type certification was introduced by a law of May 1998. It is the normal route for series production.

Route 3: self-confirmation (技術基準適合自己確認, Article 38-33)

For "special specified radio equipment", the categories that MIC considers unlikely to cause serious interference, the manufacturer or importer can verify conformity itself and notify MIC. MIC gives cellular telephone terminals and digital cordless telephone terminals as examples. The list is in Article 2(2) of the certification ordinance. The mark (Form No. 14) carries an identification number that starts with the six-character notification number.

Terminal approval: a second Act for network-connected devices

The Telecommunications Business Act (Act No. 86 of 1984) is a separate layer. A carrier may refuse to connect terminal equipment that does not meet the MIC technical standards (Article 52). Registered certification bodies grant technical standards conformity approval (Article 53) or design certification (Article 56), and Article 63 provides self-confirmation. JATE states that terminal approval applies whether the connection is wired or wireless. Its own table lists smartphones, LTE and 5G NR modules, NB-IoT and eMTC modules as well as fixed telephones and routers. A cellular module for Japan therefore needs both the Radio Act certification and the terminal approval.

The mark and its number

Form No. 7 of the certification ordinance (MIC tentative translation) defines the mark: the Giteki logo, the symbol "R", and the certification number next to it.

• Size: at least 5 mm in diameter, or 3 mm for equipment of 100 cc or less.
• Material: not easily damaged. Any colour, as long as the mark stays easy to identify.
• Number: the first three characters are the code of the RCB or approved body (001 for TELEC, 2xx for MRA bodies). The fourth character, or the fourth and fifth, encodes the category of specified radio equipment from a table in the form. MIC sets the remaining characters.
• Location: an easily recognizable part of the equipment. For implanted equipment and other cases where marking is difficult or unreasonable, the mark goes on the manual and the packaging (Article 8).

The term "Designation Number" does not appear in the Act. The number is the technical regulations conformity certification number for Route 1, or the construction type certification number for Route 2, and both can be searched in the MIC Giteki database.

Modules and host products

Article 38-7(2) lets a business that sells a product with a built-in, conformity-marked module put the same mark on the host product. It must first check the mark on the module visually or by another appropriate method, and the new mark must be easy to identify (ordinance Article 8(2)). If someone modifies marked equipment, they must remove the mark (Article 38-7(4)), either completely or by covering it with paint that does not come off easily.

E-label: what Article 8 allows

Article 8(1) of the certification ordinance allows three ways of displaying the mark:

1. Physical marking on the equipment (or on the manual and packaging, in the cases above).
2. Storing the mark electronically and making it appear "immediately and clearly" on the screen of the equipment through a specific operation.
3. Storing the mark electronically and making it appear on the screen of a connected product. This is allowed only when the display works through a wired connection to that product before the equipment is first put into operation.

For options 2 and 3, a document supplied with the product (or another appropriate means) must state that the mark is electronic and explain how to display it (Article 8(3)). The same three options apply to a host product repeating a module mark (Article 8(2)) and, under the Telecommunications Business Act, to terminal equipment.

Band limits that differ from FCC and RED

The binding limits are in the Ordinance Regulating Radio Equipment (無線設備規則) and MIC notices. ARIB standards such as ARIB STD-T66 (2.4 GHz) and ARIB STD-T71 (5 GHz) are private standards that implement them. The table below quotes the ordinance itself.

Band	Ordinance provision	What the text says
2400 to 2483.5 MHz (Wi-Fi channels 1 to 13, Bluetooth and BLE)	Art. 49-20 item 1	DS (DSSS), FH, their combination, OFDM, or OFDM combined with FH. Average power 10 mW/MHz (OFDM up to 26 MHz occupied bandwidth), 5 mW/MHz above 26 MHz and up to 40 MHz, 3 mW/MHz for FH systems in 2427 to 2470.75 MHz. Antenna gain up to 12.14 dBi, with EIRP trade-off rules. FH dwell time 0.4 s or less
2471 to 2497 MHz (channel 14)	Art. 49-20 item 2	Spread spectrum only: DS, FH or both, so no OFDM. 10 mW/MHz, antenna gain 2.14 dBi (EIRP trade-off allowed), spreading bandwidth of at least 500 kHz, spreading ratio of at least 10
5150 to 5350 MHz and 5470 to 5730 MHz	Art. 49-20 item 3	20 MHz channels from 5180 to 5320 MHz and from 5500 to 5720 MHz, up to 160 MHz (centres 5250 and 5570 MHz). EIRP density 10 mW/MHz for 20 MHz in 5150 to 5350 MHz, 50 mW/MHz in 5470 to 5730 MHz. Burst length 8 ms or less. Further conditions, including radar detection (DFS), and the places where use is excluded are set by MIC notice
5925 to 6425 MHz	Art. 49-20 item 4	OFDM, channels up to 320 MHz (centres 6105 and 6265 MHz). EIRP density 1.25 mW/MHz (20 MHz) for devices of 25 mW maximum EIRP or less, 10 mW/MHz (20 MHz) above that. Above 25 mW, client-to-client links must stop when the signal from the master station falls below -95 dBm/MHz
915.9 to 929.7 MHz (specified low power, 920 MHz)	Art. 49-14 items 6 to 8	See the 920 MHz section below
57 to 66 GHz (data communication)	Art. 49-20 item 6	Antenna power 250 mW or less, EIRP 40 dBm or less above 10 mW, carrier sense at transmission start above 10 mW

Two consequences for firmware. First, a US test report often stops at 2462 MHz (channel 11), but the Japanese range runs to 2472 MHz (channel 13). The RCB guideline gives this exact case as a reason why a US report cannot be reused. Second, the 5 GHz band in Japan stops at 5730 MHz, so the US 5725 to 5850 MHz channels must not be exposed in the JP country code.

Japanese 920 MHz

The 920 MHz band used by LoRa, Wi-SUN and similar systems falls under Article 49-14 of the Ordinance Regulating Radio Equipment (specified low-power stations). ARIB STD-T108 implements it: ARIB describes Part 2 as the specified low-power equipment of 915.9 to 929.7 MHz under Article 49-14, and Part 1 as land mobile stations in 920.5 to 923.5 MHz. The current version is 1.5 (March 3, 2023), and the English translation is free to download.

Item of Art. 49-14	Range	Main conditions
Item 6 (mobile identification and wireless power transfer only)	916.7 to 923.5 MHz	Antenna gain 3 dBi, EIRP up to 27 dBm. 200 kHz unit channels centred on 916.8, 918, 919.2 MHz or 920.4 MHz plus 200 kHz steps, up to 5 at once. Transmission time limiter and carrier sense required
Item 7 (general)	920.5 to 928.1 MHz	Antenna gain 3 dBi, EIRP up to 16 dBm. 200 kHz unit channels from 920.6 to 928 MHz. Transmission time limiter and carrier sense (LBT) required, except (1) in 920.5 to 925.1 MHz when the frequency changes every 0.4 s or less, or (2) in 920.5 to 923.5 MHz with a transmission time of 1 % or less in any hour
Item 8 (others)	915.9 to 929.7 MHz	EIRP up to 3 dBm, 200 kHz channels (916 to 928 MHz) or 100 kHz channels (928.15 to 929.65 MHz), up to 5 at once, transmission time limiter and carrier sense

A module configured for the US 902 to 928 MHz band therefore needs a Japan profile: different channel centres, EIRP caps expressed per item, and LBT or the listed exemptions.

Test data and laboratories

MIC sets the test methods for each type of specified radio equipment in MIC Notification No. 88 of 2004, and RCBs examine against them. The certification rules also allow examination based on documents showing that tests were run with calibrated instruments (Annex 1, Section 3, as summarised in the RCB Council guideline).

The Guideline for Utilization of US and European Standards Test Data for 2.4 GHz wireless LAN came out of an MIC study group that started in March 2022. The RCB Council published its first edition on June 30, 2023 and revised it on November 30, 2023, after the November 8, 2023 amendment of the Ordinance Regulating Radio Equipment (MIC Ordinance No. 77). It says:

• US data (measured to ANSI C63.10) and EU data (measured to ETSI EN 300 328), and Wi-Fi Alliance or Bluetooth SIG test data for some items, can be used for some 2.4 GHz test items (occupied bandwidth, antenna power deviation, Bluetooth frequency deviation and dwell time, interference protection, carrier sense).
• Compliance with US or EU standards "does not automatically imply compliance with Japanese technical standard". The RCB checks the numbers against the Japanese limits.
• The RCB should ask for all the actual test data, not certificates or selected extracts.
• Data cannot be reused if radio-relevant changes were made, or if the report does not cover the Japanese channel range and power settings.

GITEKI versus FCC and CE/RED

Aspect	GITEKI (Japan)	FCC (US)	CE / RED (EU)
Legal basis	Radio Act, Art. 38-2-2 onwards	47 CFR Part 2 and Part 15	Directive 2014/53/EU
Who certifies	RCB in Japan, or MRA body abroad	TCB (or the FCC)	Manufacturer, with a Notified Body when Module B is required
Routes	Per-unit certification, construction type certification, self-confirmation	Certification or SDoC	Module A, B+C or H
Marking	Giteki logo + R + certification number (body code first)	FCC ID	CE mark
Holder outside the country	Allowed (Art. 38-30, "foreign handling business")	US agent required for certification applicants	Authorised representative optional, but an EU economic operator is needed
SAR (trunk, 100 kHz to 6 GHz)	2 W/kg averaged over 10 g, 4 W/kg for limbs (Ordinance Regulating Radio Equipment Art. 14-2, cellular and other listed stations)	1.6 W/kg over 1 g (47 CFR 1.1310)	2 W/kg over 10 g (EN 50360 for phones)
Public database	MIC Giteki search	FCC EAS	None central for RED

See CE/FCC EMC comparison, EU + US dual certification and FCC ID, grantee and TCB for the other two regimes.

Sequence of a construction type certification

The steps below follow the Act and the MIC manual. Durations depend on the body and the product, so none are given here.

1. Scope the equipment: identify each specified radio equipment category (2.4 GHz data communication, 5 GHz, 6 GHz, 920 MHz specified low power, cellular) and whether a terminal approval under the Telecommunications Business Act is also needed.
2. Choose the route and the body: construction type certification for series production, self-confirmation where the category allows it, and an RCB or MRA body whose business category covers the equipment.
3. Japan firmware profile: channels 1 to 13 (and 14 only in DS or FH), 5 GHz up to 5720 MHz centre, 6 GHz within 5925 to 6425 MHz, 920 MHz channel plan and LBT per Article 49-14, per-band power tables matching the ordinance.
4. Tests per MIC Notification No. 88 of 2004. For 2.4 GHz, check which items the RCB guideline lets you cover with existing US or EU data.
5. Construction design file: the construction design specifications (form in Appendix 2 of the certification ordinance), plus the method of confirming that every unit matches the design.
6. Certificate and publication: the body reports to MIC (Article 38-6(2), applied to construction type certification by Article 38-24(3)) and MIC publishes it. The number appears in the Giteki database.
7. Production: inspect units according to the confirmation method, keep the records (Article 38-25), then affix the mark (Article 38-26) physically or as an e-label under Article 8.
8. After the certificate: if the holder name or address changes, notify MIC (Article 38-6(3), applied to holders by Article 38-29). If the design changes in a way that affects radio characteristics, conformity must be reviewed again.

For multi-market scheduling including Japan, see certification timeline.

Recurring pitfalls for non-Japanese manufacturers

Treating an FCC or CE report as a Japanese certificate

The examination is always against the Japanese limits. Even under the 2023 guideline, US and EU data only cover some 2.4 GHz test items, and only if the report covers the Japanese channels and power settings.

Shipping the US or EU channel list

Channel 13 (2472 MHz) must be tested for Japan. Channel 14 must not run OFDM. The 5 GHz band stops at 5730 MHz. These are the first lines an RCB checks in the operating mode description.

Calling 920 MHz "US 915 with an offset"

The legal text is Article 49-14, with EIRP caps per item, 200 kHz unit channels, and a carrier sense and transmission time limiter requirement that has only two narrow exemptions.

An e-label that the ordinance does not recognise

The text requires a display on the equipment screen (or a connected product screen via a wired connection before first use) that is immediate and clear, plus a document explaining how to display it. A web page or a QR code alone is not one of the three methods in Article 8.

Forgetting the obligations after certification

Construction type certification creates duties for the holder: matching every unit to the design, inspecting, keeping records, and reporting. A foreign holder that ignores an MIC request or refuses an inspection can lose the right to affix the mark for up to two years (Article 38-30(3)).

Ignoring the terminal approval

A cellular, LTE-M or NB-IoT product that attaches to a carrier network needs the Telecommunications Business Act approval as well as the Radio Act certification. JATE, and other registered bodies, can handle both.

Assuming the MRA is narrow or cellular-only

The MIC list shows most foreign bodies covering all specified radio equipment. The real limits are the business category each body holds and the fact that the Japanese technical regulations still apply.

Working on Japan GITEKI for a real product? AESTECHNO can audit your design and certification plan. Get in touch

Claims the texts contradict

Common claim (including earlier versions of this page)	What the text says
"Specified Radio Equipment is defined in Article 38-22"	Article 38-2-2(1) defines it. Article 38-22 is the order to prevent interference.
"There are two certification routes"	There are three under the Radio Act: per-unit certification (Art. 38-6), construction type certification (Art. 38-24) and self-confirmation for special specified radio equipment (Art. 38-33). MRA bodies can grant the first two.
"The Japan-US and Japan-EU MRAs are narrow, mainly cellular, and you still need a Japanese RCB"	The MIC list shows EU, UK and US bodies (IDs 201 and up), most of them covering all specified radio equipment. Their certificates count as Radio Act certification (Act No. 111 of 2001, Art. 33).
"An FCC report is never usable"	Since June 2023, the RCB Council guideline lets RCBs use US and EU test data for some 2.4 GHz WLAN and Bluetooth items. It is still not a full substitute.
"JATE only does terminal approval; TELEC does radio"	JATE is also RCB 021 for all specified radio equipment on the MIC list.
"E-labels are accepted only for some categories, within three user actions, at a minimum size set by MIC"	Article 8 of the certification ordinance sets no category list and no action count. It requires an immediate and clear display through a specific operation, and a document explaining it. The 5 mm (3 mm) size rule in Form No. 7 is for the mark itself.
"A local representative in Japan is expected or required"	The Act provides for foreign holders directly (Art. 38-30), with MIC "requests" instead of orders and a possible mark prohibition.
"The TELEC number is 001-XXXXXX, called the Designation Number"	Form No. 7: three-character body code, then one or two letters for the equipment category, then characters set by MIC. The Act calls it the certification number.
"920 MHz is defined by ARIB STD-T108, with 1 mW to 250 mW by category"	The binding text is Article 49-14 of the Ordinance Regulating Radio Equipment, with EIRP caps of 27, 16 and 3 dBm by item. ARIB STD-T108 is the private standard that implements it.
"The mark is an R inside a circle"	Form No. 7: the Giteki logo plus the symbol "R" and the number. The R identifies the Radio Act mark, not a separate circle logo.

Construction design file contents

Based on the Act and the MIC manual, a construction type certification file includes:

• Applicant identification, including a foreign handling business where relevant.
• Construction design specifications in the format of Appendix 2 of the certification ordinance: equipment type, frequencies, emission classes, antenna power, antennas.
• Method of confirming conformity of each unit to the design: this is what makes Route 2 different from Route 1, and the holder must apply it in production.
• Test results against the MIC test methods, or documents that the RCB accepts under Annex 1, Section 3 (for example US or EU data for the items the guideline allows).
• Marking plan: physical location, or the e-label operation and the accompanying document required by Article 8(3).

See glossary for the mapping between the construction design file, the EU technical file and the FCC exhibit list.

The cellular case

For an LTE, LTE-M, NB-IoT or 5G NR product, two legal layers stack in Japan:

1. Radio Act: certification by an RCB or MRA body, or self-confirmation, since MIC gives cellular terminals as an example of special specified radio equipment. SAR limits under Article 14-2 of the Ordinance Regulating Radio Equipment apply to cellular land mobile stations used within 20 cm of the body.
2. Telecommunications Business Act: technical standards conformity approval or design certification (Articles 53 and 56), or self-confirmation (Article 63), for attachment to carrier networks.

Neither layer is the same thing as 3GPP protocol conformance or an operator acceptance programme, which are separate commercial steps. For the North American equivalent, see the PTCRB pillar, and for multi-regime mechanics, EU + US dual certification.

See also

• Radio type approval worldwide
• License-free SRD bands
• LoRaWAN sensor certification
• KC mark, South Korea
• FCC pillar and RED pillar

Let's scope your Japanese radio certification in 30 minutes.

AESTECHNO scopes the Japanese bands applicable to your product, identifies the right bodies (an RCB such as TELEC for radio, JATE or another registered body for terminal approval), prepares the construction type certification file and coordinates the MIC test campaign, free of charge, by video call.

Book a GITEKI audit

Sources & references

1. MIC Radio Use Portal: Technical Regulations Conformity Certification System (RCB list, MRA bodies), MIC www.tele.soumu.go.jp/e/sys/equ/tech/index.htm
2. Radio Act (Act No. 131 of 1950), current Japanese text, e-Gov Japan (Digital Agency) laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/325AC0000000131
3. Radio Act of Japan: tentative English translation, Japanese Law Translation (Ministry of Justice) www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3205
4. Ordinance Regulating Radio Equipment (Radio Regulatory Commission Rules No. 18 of 1950), current Japanese text, e-Gov Japan (Digital Agency) laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/325M50080000018
5. Ordinance on Technical Regulations Conformity Certification of Specified Radio Equipment (MPT Ordinance No. 37 of 1981), current Japanese text, e-Gov Japan (Digital Agency) laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/356M50001000037
6. Ordinance concerning Technical Regulations Conformity Certification: tentative English translation (Form No. 7), MIC www.tele.soumu.go.jp/resource/e/equ/tech/octr.pdf
7. Manual for the Technical Regulations Conformity Certification System (Spring 2023 edition, extract), MIC www.tele.soumu.go.jp/resource/e/equ/tech/scsm.pdf
8. Guideline for Utilization of US and European Standards Test Data for 2.4 GHz wireless LAN (November 30, 2023), Registered Certification Bodies Council (hosted by MIC) www.tele.soumu.go.jp/resource/e/equ/tech/gueu.pdf
9. Telecommunications Business Act (Act No. 86 of 1984), current Japanese text, e-Gov Japan (Digital Agency) laws.e-gov.go.jp/law/359AC0000000086
10. JATE: certifying terminal and radio equipment, JATE www.jate.or.jp/english/outline/e-cretificate.html
11. ARIB STD-T108 overview: 920 MHz-band telemeter, telecontrol and data transmission radio equipment, ARIB www.arib.or.jp/english/std_tr/telecommunications/desc/std-t108.html
12. MIC Radio Equipment Search (Giteki database), MIC www.tele.soumu.go.jp/giteki/SearchServlet?pageID=js01
13. TELEC (English): Telecom Engineering Center, TELEC www.telec.or.jp/eng/